The surface texture parameter is a real reflection of the surface topography, which is closely related to the tribological properties of the surface, and the study of the correlation between the surface texture parameter and wear resistance is of great significance in revealing the tribological influence mechanism of the surface and realising the functional manufacturing of the surface. This paper takes the ball-end milling surface as the research object, establishes the three-dimensional simulation model of the surface topography, and analyses the surface topography and the surface texture parameter change rule. Based on the improved correlation analysis model, the correlation characteristics between the surface texture parameters, and between the surface texture parameters and the relative wear rate of per unit sliding distance K V, were investigated, and the prediction model of K V was established based on the surface texture parameters Sku, Sa, Sxp, Sp, and Ssk, and the correctness of the model was verified by experiments. The study in this paper provides a new idea to further reveal the relationship between surface topographical features and wear resistance and to guide the functional manufacturing of surfaces.