Based on the wear analysis of a propeller hub bearing, wear tests are designed under different marine environments to illustrate wear failure mechanisms. The results reveal that the wear failure characteristics of the propeller hub bearing are primarily abrasive wear, accompanied by adhesion and oxidation wears, and plastic deformation. These results agree well with the wear morphologies of the torsional fretting wear tests under starvation lubrication. The wear tests confirm that the wear failure of the propeller hub bearing is owing to the coexistence of multiple wear mechanisms, which is attributed primarily to the superimposed wear behaviors induced by loading, continuous fretting wear, and starvation lubrication in the local contact areas. Hence, the negative effects of interfacial micro-protrusion adhesion and fracture during oil lubrication are difficult to eliminate. Moreover, The uneven radial loads of the contact surfaces of the propeller hub bearing also exhibit a significant influence on the thickness and formation of the oil film at the friction interface.