In this study, layered double hydroxide (LDH) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) were used as additives to prepare lubricants. The morphology and particle distribution of the LDH and MoS 2 were characterized using a scanning electron microscope and a laser particle size analyzer, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to compare the performance of the lubricants at high temperature. The extreme pressure and wear resistance performance of the lubricants were tested using a four-ball machine and a fretting-wear machine. Then, the lubricants were applied in a bolt fastener. The loosening torque and surface wear condition at high temperature were compared. By adding LDH and MoS 2 to the lubricants, the extreme pressure and wear resistance performance and anti-seize performance at high temperature were improved significantly. The LDH showed better anti-seize performance than the MoS 2 because of its strong and stable structure at high temperature. The MoS 2 showed better anti-wear performance under a high load because of its soft layered structure. The MoS 2 with a larger particle size showed better extreme pressure performance under a high load. The LDH and MoS 2 played a synergistic effect under the conditions of high temperature and high load.