This study presents a mixed lubrication model for misaligned microgroove water-lubricated bearings (WLBs). The model considers the effects of cavitation and turbulence to assess the mixed lubrication performance of WLBs with various microgroove morphologies. The equations are discretized using the control volume method (CVM) and solved by using the Fischer–Burmeister–Newton–Schur method for dealing with the constrained system. A comparison of the experimental data from the published literature demonstrates the model and methodology's validity. On this basis, the effects of rotational speed, load, and misalignment angle on the mixed lubrication performance of microgroove WLBs are investigated. The numerical results indicate that the left-triangular microgroove exhibits the best-mixed lubrication performance. Under elastohydrodynamic lubrication and mixed lubrication conditions, there are significant discrepancies in microgroove morphology. However, this discrepancy diminishes with increasing misalignment angles. The edge contact problem resulting from journal misalignment can be efficiently mitigated by selecting the proper microgroove morphology. This study provides useful guidance for the optimal design and mixed lubrication performance improvement of WLBs.