To reveal interaction between tooth surface wear and gear vibration, this study proposes a dynamic model incorporating interface characteristics and a wear prediction model with topographical-lubricated-dynamic coupling effect. By integrating the effects of interface characteristics into wear-induced changes, the effect of the wear accumulation on dynamic characteristics is studied. With coupling effect of surface topography, lubrication condition, and dynamic load, parametric analyses are conducted to elucidate the influences of these factors on wear progression, accompanied by comparative validation. Compared to dynamic load, the lubrication condition enhancement induced by topographic changes exerts a greater influence on the wear progression. This study accurately predicts dynamic response and wear progression, and provides a theoretical basis for condition monitoring and lifespan prediction for gears.