提供了一种润滑油组合物。所述组合物包含：大量具有润滑粘度的油、一种或多种碱土金属清洗剂、一种或多种含氮分散剂以及来自二硫代磷酸锌的至多约0.10重量％的锌。所述润滑油组合物的硫含量至多为0.10重量％，硫酸盐灰分含量至多为0.30重量％，并且总氮浓度与来自所述一种或多种碱土金属清洗剂的总碱土金属浓度的比率为约20或更大。

The invention relates to the lubricating compositions containing an N-acyl-N-alkoxyalkyl aspartate ester, optionally, in further combination with an anti-wear agent. The compositions exhibit corrosion inhibition and anti-wear properties, coupled with improved demulsibility.

A lubricating oil additive is disclosed that comprises the reaction product of: (a) an unsaturated or saturated ester or acid, (b) a diamine of the formula: (c) carbon disulfide, and (d) a molybdenum compound, wherein R8 is an alkyl group of 1 to 40 carbon atoms, R9 and R10 are independently selected aliphatic or aromatic moieties, W is oxygen, sulfur, or -CH2-. The additive imparts friction modification and beneficial antiwear, extreme pressure, and oxidation stability properties to the lubricating oil.

A unique ashless composition of matter, a method for its preparation and its use as an improved corrosion inhibitor additive for formulated industrial lubricants is disclosed.

Tetraaromatic diamine compounds having the general formula: are provided wherein a is 0-3; b, c and d independently are integers from 0-5, R1 and R2 together with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to about C30 ring, saturated, partially unsaturated or fully unsaturated, optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms, a is 0-3; b, c and d independently are integers from 0-5, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, a straight or branched C1-C30 alkyl or alkylene group optionally substituted with one or more substituents, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C25 aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C25 arylalkyl, a straight or branched C1-C30 alkoxy group optionally substituted with one or more substituents or two R4 substituents and/or two R5 substituents and/or two R6 substituents on adjacent carbon atoms of the aromatic ring associated therewith can be joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to about C30 ring, saturated, partially unsaturated or fully unsaturated, optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms. Lubricating oil compositions containing the tetraaromatic diamine compound additives are also provided.

Functional fluids (e.g. lubricants, steam turbine oils, transformer oils, switch oils, and hydraulic fluids) comprise a base oil and at least 0.002 wt. per cent of one or more additives having one of the formulae where R is hydrogen or a short-chain alkyl radical, R1 and R2 are alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or heterocyclic radicals (or may together form part of a ring structure, and Ar is an aromatic ring system. Typical of many specified compounds are 1-morpholinomethyl-2-methyl benzimidazole, and 1-(p-decoxydiphenylaminomethyl) benzotriazole. The base oils of the fluids may be mineral oils, mixtures of two different mineral oils, or synthetic oils, e.g. di-(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, diacetone alcohol, C1-4 alkyl mono-ethers of mono-, di- and polyethylene glycols, and mixtures of the latter with refined castor oil or ethylene oxide treated castor oil. Many optional additives are specified, including secondary aromatic mono-, di-and poly-amines, phenothiazine, alkyl phenols, long-chain alkenyl succinic acids, primary and secondary monoamine orthophosphates and sulphates, dialkyl citrates, polyesters derived from polyalkylene glycols and aliphatic di- or poly-carboxylic acids, chlorinated paraffin wax, n-butyl dimethyl dithiocarbamyl acetate, tricresyl phosphate, or one of the compounds described in Specification 1,028,924.ALSO:The preparations are described of (A) 1-(4-morpholinomethyl) benzotriazole, (B) 1-(di-n-butylaminomethyl) benzotriazole, (C) 1 - (di-phenylaminomethyl) benzotriazole, and (D) N,N-bis(benzotriazolylmethyl)lauramine by reacting formalin, benzotriazole and (A) morpholine, (B) di-n-butylamine, (C) diphenylamine, and (D) laurylamine; and of (E) 1-(morpholinomethyl) benzimidazole by reacting formalin, benzimidazole and morpholine.

Oil soluble compounds suitable as lubricant additives and of formula R1-X-A-Bn where R1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having at least 12 carbon atoms, X is an ester, amide or imide grouping, A is an organic radical containing at least one basic nitrogen atom, n is 1 to 6 and B is -(CRR)mSO3H and is attached through the carbon atom to a nitrogen atom of A, where each R is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or any two substituents R on adjoining carbon atoms are taken together to form a cyclic system and m is 3 or 4, or a salt thereof, may be prepared by reacting the corresponding alkyl or alkenyl ester, amide or imide with an amine and a sultone or with a prereaction product of the amine and sultone. R1 is preferably derived from a polyolefin, e.g. polyisobutylene of molecular weight 700-3000, hydrogenated if desired. Preferred compounds may be prepared by reacting polyisobutenyl succinic anhydrides with polyamines, optionally modifying the intermediate with a carboxylic acid, aldehyde or ketone, and further reacting the intermediate or modified intermediate with a sultone. Many suitable starting materials are described, and in examples propane sultone is reacted with intermediates prepared from polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride and (I and XXX) tetraethylene pentamine, (IV) reaction product of pentaethylene hexamine and dicyandiamide, (V and XXXII) commercial isomeric pentaethylene hexamines and hexamines containing piperazine rings, (VI and XXXI) pentaethylene hexamine, (VII, XXVIII and XXXVII) triethylene tetramine, (VIII) diethylene triamine, (IX) ethylene diamine, (X and XI) polyethylene imines, (XII) mixed polyethylene polyamines, (XIII and XXXIII) N - b - aminoethyl piperazine, (XIV); dimethylaminopropylenediamine, (XV) N-2-aminoethyl morpholine, (XVI) p - phenylene diamine, (XVII) N-2-aminoethyl ethanolamine, (XVIII) hydroxytetraethylene tetramine, (XIX) reaction product of g -butyrolactone and tetraethylene pentamine, (XX) guanidine carbonate, and tetrathylene pentamine together with (XXI) acetic acid, (XXII) lauric acid, (XXIII) oleic acid, (XXIV) adipic acid, (XXV) salicylaldehyde, (XXVI) benzaldehyde and (XXVII) formic acid; polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride is reacted with (XXXIV) tetraethylene pentamine and 1,1,3 - trimethylp opane sultone, (XXXV) tetraethylene pentamino sulphonic acid and (XXXVI) a mixed polyaminosulphonic acids; and a polyisobutenyl monocarboxylic acid is reacted with a polyalkylene polyamine and propane sultone. The product of (I) is further reacted with (II and III) barium hydroxide and (XXXIX) calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.ALSO:Lubricating compositions comprise a major proportion of a lubricating oil and a minor proportion of a detergent and dispersant additive of formula R1-X-A-Bn, where R1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having at least 12 carbon atoms, X is an ester, amide or imide grouping, A is an organic radical containing at least one basic nitrogen atom, n is 1 to 6 and B is -(CRR)mSO3H and is attached through the carbon atom to a nitrogen atom of A, where each R is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or any two substituents R on adjacent carbon atoms are taken together to form a cyclic system and m is 3 or 4, or a salt thereof. Preferred additives are formed by reacting polyisobutenyl succinic anhydrides with polyamines, optionally with an acid, aldehyde or ketone, and finally with a sultone; or by reacting the polyisobutenyl succinic anhydrides with polyamine/sultone reaction products. The compositions may also comprise conventional copper deactivators, pour-point depressants, antioxidants and viscosity index improvers. Examples describe compositions comprising mineral lubricating oil and additives of the invention prepared by reacting propane sultone with intermediates from polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride and tetraethylene pentamine alone and with acetic, lauric, oleic, adipic or formic acid, salicylaldehyde or benzaldehyde, reaction product of pentaethylene hexamine and dicyandiamide, isomeric commercial pentaethylene hexamines and hexamines containing piperazine rings, pentaethylene hexamine, triethylene tetramine, diethylene triamine, ethylene diamine, polyethylene polyimines, mixed polyethylene polyamines, N-b -aminoethyl piperazine, dimethylaminoethyl propylenediamine, N - 2 - aminoethyl morpholine, p - phenylene-diamine, N - 2 - aminoethyl ethanolamine, hydroxytetraethylene tetramine, reaction product of g -butyrolactone and tetraethylene pentamine and guanidine carbonate; by reacting polyisobutenyl succinic anhydrides with tetraethylene pentamine and 1,1,3 - trimethylpropane sulphone, tetraethylene pentamino sulphonic acid and mixed polyaminosulphonic acids; and by reacting a polyisobutenyl monocarboxylic acid with a polyalkylene polyamine and propane sultone; the first above additive being optionally reacted with barium hydroxide or calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. Other ingredients of the compositions are a methacrylate polymer V.I. improver, a barium salt of phosphosulphurized polyisobutylene neutralized in the presence of an alkylphenol and treated with carbon dioxide, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates derived from isopropanol and methyl isobutyl carbinol or from isopropanol and 1-methylheptyl alcohol, and a hindered phenol antioxidant.ALSO:Amino alkane sulphonic acids are prepared by reacting amines with sultones. In examples (XXXV) tetraethylene pentamino propane sulphonic acid is prepared by reacting tetraethylene pentamine with propane sultone and (XXXVI) a polyamine trimethylpropane sulphonic acid is prepared by reacting a commercial mixture said to comprise isomeric pentaethylene hexamines and related hexamines containing piperazine rings with 1,1,3-trimethylpropane sultone.

Lubricating compositions comprise a lubricating oil and a minor proportion, sufficient to provide the desired degree of cold sludge dispercency or detergency, of an additive which is the reaction product of (a) a monoalkenyl substituted succinic anhydride wherein the alkenyl group has a molecular weight of at least 700; and (b) a reaction product of dicyandiamide with a primary alkylene polyamine having at least two primary amino groups and containing the group where A is 2 to 4. Preferred additives are obtained by reacting polyisobutylene/maleic anhydride adducts with reaction products of dicyandiamide with polyethylene polyamines, imino bis propylamine and polyethylene imines. The oil may be a mineral oil, solvent refined mineral oil or mixture thereof, or a spindle oil, and the compositions may also comprise copper deactivators, pour point depressants, antioxidants, viscosity index improvers and other conventional additives, particularly zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates, alkaline earth metal petroleum sulphonates, phenates or phenol sulphides, alkaline earth metal salts of phosphosulphurized hydrocarbons, and copolymers of long chain alkyl methacrylates with vinyl pyridine or N-vinyl pyrrolidone. Many examples are given of lubricating compositions comprising mineral oils, reaction products of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride with reaction products of dicyandiamide and triethylene tetramine, diethylene triamine, tetraethylene pentamine, pentaethylene hexamine and imino bis propylamine, together with other additives such as zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates derived from isopropanol and methyl butyl carbinol or from isopropanol and 1-methylheptyl alcohol, barium salts of phosphosulphurized polyisobutylene and alkyl methacrylate copolymers. Example 41 describes a composition of di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, an additive of the invention wherein the alkenyl group is polyisobutylene and the amine is tetraethylenepentamine, phenyl-a -naphthylamine, 3,7-dioctyl phenothiazine and benzotriazole.ALSO:An additive for a lubricating oil is a reaction product of (a) a mono alkenyl substituted succinic anhydride wherein the alkenyl group has a molecular weight of at least 700 and (b) a reaction product of dicyandiamide with a primary alkylene polyamine having at least two primary amino groups and containing the group where A is 2 to 4. The monoalkenyl substituted succinic anhydride may be obtained by reaction between a normally liquid oil soluble polyolefine having a molecular weight of 700 to 3000 and maleic anhydride. Reaction product (b) is preferably prepared at a temperature from 240 DEG to 280 DEG C. and the molar ratio of (a) to (b) may be from 1:1 to 5:1. The alkylene polyamine preferably has the formula H2N-(RNH)n-RNH2 where R is an alkylene radical, preferably -CH2CH2- and n is an integer from 1 to 5 or more. Other alkylene polyamines may also be used e.g. imino bis propylamine; polymerization products of ethylene imine and a mixture of isomeric polyethylene hexamines and related hexamines containing piperazine rings and 12 C atoms. In the examples polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride is prepared either (i) by refluxing polyisobutylene with maleic anhydride and di-t-butyl peroxide in toluene, distilling off toluene, treating with hexane and then distilling off the hexane or (ii) refluxing polyisobutylene with maleic anhydride and then treating with hexane. The products are reacted with reaction products of dicyandiamide and triethylene tetramine, diethylene triamine, tetraethylene pentamine, pentaethylene hexamine and imino bis propylamine.

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1438482 Lubricants CASTROL Ltd 9 May 1973 [11 Feb 1972] 6537/72 Heading C5F [Also in Division C2] A lubricating composition comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and a minor amount of an amine R-X, where R is an amine residue having two aromatic groups directly attached to nitrogen, and X is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 3 or 4 carbon atoms, which is attached to a nitrogen atom and has an ethylenic or acetylenic bond in the beta position, or an amine R-Y-R, where the two R groups may be the same or different, each is as above, and Y is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 4 carbon atoms, which is attached to a nitrogen atom of each group R and has an ethylenic or acetylenic bond in the position beta to each N atom. In particular, the group or groups R may be phenothiazine residues, or may have one or more alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy substituents, or may be phenothiazine residues with such substituents. (For preparation of these amines, see Division C2). These additives serve as antioxidants for mineral oil or more preferably for an oil based on a synthetic ester or a blend of two or more such oils. The composition may also include other additives. The Specification includes lists of amines and esters.