Self-healing materials that integrate excellent mechanical properties and high healing efficiency meet the requirements of flexible electronic sensors for mechanical flexibility and reliability. In the field of wearable devices, they are of great significance for improving the stability of the equipment and reducing the frequency of replacement. However, the high strength of materials often limits their self-healing ability. When damage occurs, it will hinder the microstructural adjustment and fluidity of the material at the damaged site, thus negatively affecting the activation and execution of the self-healing mechanism. In this study, a strength-toughness and room-temperature self-healing triboelectric material is prepared by the dynamic nanoconfinement effect and the quenching effect of ethanol (referred to as the DNCQ strategy). The quenching effect of ethanol improves the aggregation of nanocluster phase, and the constructed nanoconfined network skillfully balances the contradiction between mechanical properties and self-healing ability. The obtained triboelectric material has high tensile strength (27.1 MPa), toughness (97.9 MJ m−3), and excellent healing efficiency (88.6%). The self-powered pressure distribution sensing array based on triboelectric materials can accurately reflect the pressure distribution of the object, which has potential application prospects in the field of wearable devices.